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 基本信息
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| 网友评价： |
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| 点击次数： |
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1003 人次 |
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| 上传网友： |
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| 责任编辑： |
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| 上传日期： |
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2006-5-22 |
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| 所属分类： |
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建筑实景照片 -> 未归类建筑照片 |
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| 所 在
地： |
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英国 -> -> 伦敦 |
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| 竣工日期： |
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2003年 |
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| 建筑高度： |
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180 米 |
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| 简介： |
The harlequin-patterned glass facade is similar to that of Westhafen Tower in Frankfurt, which is also a circular tower.
- The building‘s shape has earned it numerous nicknames in the British press, including ‘erotic gherkin‘ and ‘towering innuendo‘.
- Plans for 30 St Mary Axe were preceded by the proposal for London Millennium Tower on this same site.
- This site was formerly occupied by the Baltic Exchange, an historic building damaged by an IRA bomb in 1992.
- The tower bulges out slightly from its base, reaching its maximum width at the 16th floor.
- The outside of the building consists of 24,000 square metres of glass arranged in diamond-shaped panes.
- In spite of the tower‘s completely rounded shape, the only curved piece of glass is at the very top.
- The 23 lifts vary in velocity from 1 metre per second to 6 metres per second.
- Windows in the lightwells open automatically to augment the air conditioning system with natural ventilation, an occurrence anticipated to save energy for up to 40% of the year.
- Floors 38 to 40 hold restaurant, private dining and bar facilities, and are the highest eating establishments in London.
- Each floor is rotated 5° from the plan of the floor below.
- The maximum circumference of the tower is only 2 meters less than its height.
- The floorplans are shaped like flowers, with a circular perimeter indented by 6 triangular light courts. The indentations remain a constant size at each level, while the space between them diminishes.
- A 2000 m² public plaza fills out the building‘s lot, and is enclosed by a low stone wall.
- Entrances to the building are through high triangular archways cut out of the diamond grid of the facade.
- The lobby and elevator area at ground level are clad in light-colored aluminum with deep ridges that emphasize the verticality of the high space.
- The ground floor elevator lobby consists of three lobes with gently curving walls, giving the impression of a high silvery cave.
- The office space inside has the capacity to accommodate up to 4,000 workers.
- The floor plan is rotated for each successive floor, creating a series of spiraling 5-storey atria that stretch the full height of the building.
- External cleaning and maintenance below level 36 is achieved by a telescopic gib and cradle system whilst the top of the tower above level 36 is maintained by a Teupen unit cherry-picker on a powered trolley. Both units run round the tower on two parallel tracks.
- The lightwells, which penetrate deep into the tower‘s interior, reduce dependency on electric lighting and result in savings on electricity costs.
- The shape allows for the required quantity of office space without the lower levels overshadowing the surrounding buildings when viewed from street level, whilst the top tapers inwards in the manner of an organic set-back which does not eclipse the tower‘s shorter neighbours.
- 30 St Mary Axe is the first environmentally sustainable skyscraper in London.
- Since its completion, 30 St Mary Axe has become not only an instantly recognisable landmark on London‘s skyline but an overnight icon of London itself.
- The tower is aerodynamically designed to reduce wind load on the structure, whilst the lower part tapers so that wind wraps around the tower and reduces the incidence of downdraught on the surrounding plaza.
- The tower‘s topmost panoramic dome - which has glamourously been likened to the lair of a James Bond villain - recalls the glass dome which used to cover part of the ground floor of the Baltic Exchange which was bombed and subsequently demolished to make way for 30 St Mary Axe.
- 30 St Mary Axe was the winner of the Emporis Skyscraper Award 2003.
- 30 St Mary Axe was a RIBA Award winner 2004.
- 30 St Mary Axe won the 2004 RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture, Britain‘s most prestigious architectural accolade and for the first time in the award‘s history, the judges‘ verdict was unanimous.
- The atria are arranged in a spiral so that air drawn into the tower via the lightwells circulates around the building due to the differences in external air pressure.
- The curved, tapering structure is realised through the use of a diagonal steel structure called a diagrid, made from intersecting tubular steel sections which give vertical support to the floors, rendering them column-free. The grid is highly resistant to wind loading and weighs 2,500 tonnes.
- The building comprises 55 kilometres (34 miles) of steel parts, the piles are sunk to an average depth of 27 metres (88.5 feet) and the maximum loading per diagonal column is 1,500 tonnes.
- The tower‘s exterior cladding consists of roughly 5,500 flat triangular, diamond-shaped glass panels.
- The tower‘s sustainability credentials mean that 30 St. Mary Axe will consume up to fifty percent less energy than a comparable high profile office tower.
- The exterior form of 30 St. Mary Axe is achieved with the aid of parametric computer-modelling techniques.
- The office areas consist of a double-glazed outer layer and a single-glazed inner screen, sandwiching a central ventilated cavity, containing solar-control blinds.
- The cavities between the outer layer and inner screen act as a buffer, reducing the need for additional cooling and heating and are ventilated by exhaust air drawn from the offices.
- The lightwells‘ glazing comprises openable double-glazed panels and a high-performance coating which effectively reduces solar gain.
- The apparently decorative grey-tinted glass which punctuates the spiralling lightwells not only leads the eye upwards, but exists to counter solar gain.
- The tower draws on architectural elements of Foster and Partners Willis Faber and Dumas Headquarters built in 1975.
- Each of the two main stairwells contains 1,037 stairs.
- Other accolades garnered: Special Steel Award (Detail 2004), Best Central London Office Development (IAS/OAS 2004), Best New London Building (The Inaugural London Architecture Biennale in Clerkenwell), Honourable Mention (The International Highrise Award 2004).
- Other accolades garnered: Future Projects Award 2003 (Architectural Review), Best British Innovation (Walpole Award for British Excellence 2003), European Steel Structures Award (ECCS-CECM 2003), Outstanding Development Of The Year (The Variety Club ‘The Props‘ 12th Annual Luncheon 2003).
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